Korea and the BICs (Brazil, India and China) : catching up experiences

This paper tests a neo-Schumpeterian model with industry-level data to analyze how Brazil, India, and China are catching up with South Korea’s technological frontier in a globalized world. The paper validates Aghion et al.’s inverted-U hypothesis that industries that are closer to the technological frontier innovate to escape competition while longer distances discourage innovating. It suggests that for effective catching up, distance-shortening (or innovation-enhancing) policies may be a necessary complement to liberalization. South Korea and China combined a variety of distance-shortening policies with financial subsidies to promote high tech industries and an export-led growth strategy. Post-liberalization, they leveraged swift competition to spur catch-up. In comparison, Brazil, which was as rich as South Korea, and India, which was as rich as China in 1980, are catching up more slowly. Import-substitution industrialization strategies saddled Brazil and India with a large anti-export bias, and unfocused attention to innovation-enhancing policies dampened global competitiveness. Post liberalization, many of their industries were too far behind the technological frontier to effectively benefit from competition. The catch-up experiences of Brazil, India, and China with South Korea illustrate that distance from the technological frontier matters and that the design of country-specific distance- shortening policies can be an important complement to trade liberalization in promoting catching up with richer countries.Labor Policies,Economic Theory&Research,Water and Industry,E-Business,Knowledge for Development

La dimensión arquitectónica del planning británico: 'amenity'

Es indudable el éxito que el Urban Design ha supuesto para la identificación y la búsqueda de la calidad urbana, a través de un instrumento y una práctica específica. Sin embargo, su configuración como una disciplina independiente del Planning ha significado la renuncia por parte de éste a los aspectos formales que lo habían caracterizado desde el inicio de la legislación urbanística inglesa: la Housing and Town Planning Act de 1909. Este artículo trata de desvelar cómo las aspiraciones que se plantea el Urban Design fueron ya asumidas por el Physical Planning hasta los años setenta. En este sentido, se identifica la calidad urbana con el concepto de la Amenity propuesto ya por la ley de 1909. La identificación de la Amenity con la belleza urbana propuesta por Patrick Abercrombie y su formulación del Civic Design apoyan esta interpretación

Triplectic Quantization of W2 gravity

The role of one loop order corrections in the triplectic quantization is discussed in the case of W2 theory. This model illustrates the presence of anomalies and Wess Zumino terms in this quantization scheme where extended BRST invariance is represented in a completely anticanonical form.Comment: 10 pages, no figure

Supramolecular metathesis: co-former exchange in co-crystals of pyrazine with (R, R)-,(S, S)-,(R, S)-and (S, S/R, R)-tartaric acid

Co-crystals of dextro-(R,R), levo-(S,S), meso-(R,S) and racemic (R,R–S,S)-tartaric acid with pyrazine were obtained by manual kneading and slurry experiments; subsequent reactions in the solid state between these co-crystals and the various forms of tartaric acid in the solid state and via slurry show that co-former exchange takes place according to the sequence of stability [(R,S)-ta]2·py > (S,S/R,R)-ta·py > (R,R)-ta·py or (S,S)-ta·py

Ensaio sobre cegueiras: cruzamentos intersecionais e (in)visibilidades nos media

A atualidade não se pode dissociar de vivências multideterminadas e sempre presentes. Quer sejamos atravessadas/os por privilégios ou opressões, e sobretudo por ambas, nos mais variados contextos, é impossível minimizar o impacto que estes têm na sedimentação ou desconstrução das relações de poder, na nossa subjetividade e experiências diárias.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

CALM scale-Assessment of the total comfort of the popular female jeans

The present paper consists on the experimental stage of a PhD research, on the study of the popular female jeans comfort, referring to the process of subjective evaluation of comfort to wear, specifically the comfort objective evaluation of the jeans to wear, using CALM scale. The popular jeans in study, refers to the jeans created, produced and consumed by the poor classes of Fortaleza, in the state of Ceará, Brazil. The purpose is to investigate the female jeans, with the objective of collecting information about the comfort / discomfort perceptions of the consumers of the Fortaleza popular markets. When the collected responses were correlated, it was found that the perception of comfort/discomfort of the jeans is directly related to the touch sensation.FCT - Fundació Catalana de Trasplantament(POCI-01-0145-FEDER-007136

Triplectic Gauge Fixing for N=1 Super Yang-Mills Theory

The Sp(2)-gauge fixing of N = 1 super-Yang-Mills theory is considered here. We thereby apply the triplectic scheme, where two classes of gauge-fixing bosons are introduced. The first one depends only on the gauge field, whereas the second boson depends on this gauge field and also on a pair of Majorana fermions. In this sense, we build up the BRST extended (BRST plus antiBRST) algebras for the model, for which the nilpotency relations, s^2_1=s^2_2=s_1s_2+s_2s_1=0, hold.Comment: 10 pages, no figures, latex forma